Okwesine, ukusetshenziswa kwei-polyimide:
Ngenxa yezici ze-polyimide eshiwo ngenhla ekusebenzeni nakumakhemikhali okwenziwa, kunzima ukuthola ububanzi obunjalo bezinhlelo zokusebenza njenge-polyimide phakathi kwama-polymer amaningi, futhi ibonisa ukusebenza okuvelele kakhulu kuzo zonke izici..
1. Ifilimu: Ingenye yemikhiqizo yokuqala ye-polyimide, esetshenziselwa ukufakwa kwe-slot kwamamotho kanye nezinto zokugoqa zezintambo.Imikhiqizo eyinhloko i-DuPont Kapton, uchungechunge lwe-Ube Industries' Upilex kanye ne-Zhongyuan Apical.Amafilimu e-polyimide asobala asebenza njengama-solar cell substrates aguquguqukayo.
2. I-Coating: isetshenziswa njenge-varnish evikelayo yocingo lwe-electromagnetic, noma isetshenziswe njengenamathela ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.
3. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezithuthukisiwe: ezisetshenziswa ku-aerospace, izindiza kanye nezingxenye zamarokhethi.Ingenye yezinto zesakhiwo ezimelana nokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu.Isibonelo, uhlelo lwendiza yase-US supersonic luklanywe ngesivinini esingu-2.4M, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu elingu-177°C phakathi nendiza, nempilo yesevisi edingekayo engu-60,000h.Ngokwemibiko, u-50% wezinto zokwakha zinqunywe ukusebenzisa i-thermoplastic polyimide njenge-matrix resin.Izinto eziyinhlanganisela eziqiniswe nge-carbon fibre, inani lendiza ngayinye lilinganiselwa ku-30t.
4. I-Fiber: I-modulus ye-elasticity ingeyesibili ngemva kwe-carbon fiber.Isetshenziswa njengesihlungi semidiya yokushisa ephezulu nezinto ezikhipha imisebe, kanye nezindwangu ezingangenwa izinhlamvu nezingashi.
5. Ipulasitiki yegwebu: isetshenziswa njengempahla yokuvikela ukushisa okuphezulu.
6. Amapulasitiki obunjiniyela: Kunezinhlobo ze-thermosetting kanye ne-thermoplastic.Izinhlobo ze-Thermoplastic zingabunjwa noma zifakwe umjovo noma zidluliselwe.Ikakhulukazi isetshenziselwa ukuzigcoba, ukuvala uphawu, ukwahlukanisa nezinto zokwakha.Izinto ze-Guangcheng polyimide seziqalile ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zemishini ezifana ne-compressor rotary vanes, amasongo e-piston kanye nezimpawu zephampu ezikhethekile.
7. I-Adhesive: isetshenziswa njenge-adhesive yesakhiwo sokushisa okuphezulu.I-Guangcheng polyimide adhesive ikhiqizwe njengengxube ye-potting ephezulu yezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.
8. I-membrane yokuhlukanisa: isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa amapheya egesi ahlukahlukene, njenge-hydrogen/nitrogen, i-nitrogen/oxygen, i-carbon dioxide/nitrogen noma i-methane, njll., ukususa umswakama emoyeni we-hydrocarbon feed gas notshwala.Ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-pervaporation membrane kanye ne-ultrafiltration membrane.Ngenxa yokumelana nokushisa kanye nokumelana ne-organic solvent ye-polyimide, ibaluleke ngokukhethekile ekuhlukaniseni amagesi aphilayo noketshezi.
9. I-Photoresist: Kukhona ukuphikiswa okungalungile nokuhle, futhi ukulungiswa kungafinyelela izinga le-submicron.Ingasetshenziswa kufilimu yokuhlunga umbala ngokuhambisana nezingulube noma odayi, okungenza kube lula kakhulu inqubo yokucubungula.
10. Uhlelo lokusebenza kumadivayisi e-microelectronic: njengesendlalelo se-dielectric sokufakelwa kwe-interlayer, njengesendlalelo se-buffer ukunciphisa ingcindezi nokuthuthukisa isivuno.Njengesendlalelo esivikelayo, singanciphisa umthelela wemvelo kudivayisi, futhi singavikela izinhlayiya ze-a, ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda iphutha elithambile (i-softerror) yedivayisi.
11. I-ejenti yokuqondanisa yesibonisi sekristalu ewuketshezi:I-Polyimideidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu entweni yomenzeli wokuqondanisa we-TN-LCD, SHN-LCD, TFT-CD kanye nesibonisi sekristalu se-ferroelectric liquid esizayo.
12. Izinto ze-Electro-optic: ezisetshenziswa njengezinto ze-waveguide ezinganyakazi noma ezisebenzayo, izinto zokushintshwa kwe-optical, njll. I-polyimide equkethe i-fluorine ibonakala obala ebangeni lamaza okuxhumana, futhi ukusebenzisa i-polyimide njenge-matrix ye-chromophore kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwento.ukuzinza.
Ukufingqa, akunzima ukubona ukuthi kungani i-polyimide ingagqama kuma-polymer amaningi anephunga elimnandi e-heterocyclic avela ngeminyaka yawo-1960s kanye nawo-1970s, futhi ekugcineni abe yisigaba esibalulekile sezinto ze-polymer.
5. I-Outlook:
Njengempahla ye-polymer ethembisayo,i-polyimideiye yaqashelwa ngokugcwele, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezintweni zokuvikela kanye nezakhiwo kuyanda njalo.Mayelana nezinto ezisebenzayo, iyavela, futhi amandla ayo asacutshungulwa.Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka engama-40 yokuthuthuka, ayikakabi yizinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu.Isizathu esikhulu ukuthi izindleko zisaphezulu kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa namanye ama-polymer.Ngakho-ke, enye yezikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko zocwaningo lwe-polyimide esikhathini esizayo kusafanele kube ukuthola izindlela zokunciphisa izindleko ku-monomer synthesis nezindlela ze-polymerization.
1. Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-monomers: Ama-monomers e-polyimide yi-dianhydride (tetraacid) ne-diamine.Indlela yokuhlanganisa ye-diamine isivuthiwe, futhi ama-diamine amaningi nawo ayatholakala nokudayiswa.I-Dianhydride iyi-monomer ekhethekile, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni i-polyimide ngaphandle kwe-ejenti elaphayo ye-epoxy resin.I-Pyromellitic dianhydride kanye ne-trimellitic anhydride ingatholwa ngesigaba esisodwa segesi kanye ne-liquid phase oxidation ye-durene ne-trimethylene ekhishwe kuwoyela onuka kamnandi, umkhiqizo wokucwengisiswa kwe-petroleum.Amanye ama-dianhydride abalulekile, njenge-benzophenone dianhydride, i-biphenyl dianhydride, i-diphenyl ether dianhydride, i-hexafluorodianhydride, njll., ahlanganiswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kodwa izindleko zibiza kakhulu.izinkulungwane eziyishumi zamayuan.Ithuthukiswe yi-Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences, i-high-purity 4-chlorophthalic anhydride kanye ne-3-chlorophthalic anhydride ingatholakala ku-o-xylene chlorination, i-oxidation kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-isomerization.Ukusebenzisa lezi zinhlanganisela ezimbili njengezisetshenziswa zokusetshenziswa kungahlanganisa i-Series dianhydrides, enamandla amakhulu okunciphisa izindleko, kuyindlela yokwenziwa ebalulekile.
2. Inqubo ye-Polymerization: Indlela yezinyathelo ezimbili esetshenziswa njengamanje kanye nesinyathelo esisodwa se-polycondensation inqubo yonke isebenzisa izinyibilikisi ezibilayo.Intengo ye-aprotic polar solvents iphakeme kakhulu, futhi kunzima ukuyisusa.Okokugcina, ukwelashwa okunokushisa okuphezulu kuyadingeka.Indlela ye-PMR isebenzisa isincibilikisi sotshwala esingabizi.I-Thermoplastic polyimide ingaphinda yenziwe i-polymerized futhi ifakwe i-granulated ngqo ku-extruder nge-dianhydride ne-diamine, asikho i-solvent edingekayo, futhi ukusebenza kahle kungathuthukiswa kakhulu.Kuyindlela yokonga kakhulu yokuthola i-polyimide ngokwenza i-polymerizing i-chlorophthalic anhydride ngokuqondile nge-diamine, i-bisphenol, i-sodium sulfide noma i-elemental sulfur ngaphandle kokudlula i-diamined.
3. Ukucutshungulwa: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-polyimide kubanzi kakhulu, futhi kunezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokucutshungulwa, njengokufana okuphezulu kokwakheka kwefilimu, ukuphotha, ukufakwa komhwamuko, i-sub-micron photolithography, umbhalo oqoshiwe ojulile odongeni oqondile, i-Etching, indawo enkulu, enkulu- ukubumba ivolumu, ukufakwa kwe-ion, ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser ngokunemba, ubuchwepheshe obuxube be-nano-scale, njll. kuvule umhlaba obanzi wokusetshenziswa kwe-polyimide.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa kanye nokwehliswa okukhulu kwezindleko, kanye nezakhiwo zayo eziphakeme zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zokufakwa kukagesi, i-thermoplastic polyimide izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha esikhathini esizayo.Futhi i-thermoplastic polyimide inethemba elikhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo okuhle.
6. Isiphetho:
Izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kancane kwei-polyimide:
1. Ukulungiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiqiza i-polyimide: ukuhlanzeka kwe-pyromellitic dianhydride akwanele.
2. Impahla eluhlaza ye-pyromellitic dianhydride, okungukuthi, ukuphuma kwe-durene kunomkhawulo.Okukhiphayo kwamanye amazwe: amathani angama-60,000 ngonyaka, okukhiphayo ekhaya: amathani ayi-5,000 ngonyaka.
3. Izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-pyromellitic dianhydride ziphezulu kakhulu.Emhlabeni, cishe amathani angu-1.2-1.4 e-durene akhiqiza ithani elingu-1 le-pyromellitic dianhydride, kuyilapho abakhiqizi abangcono kakhulu ezweni lami okwamanje bakhiqiza amathani angaba ngu-2.0-2.25 we-durene.amathani, i-Changshu Federal Chemical Co., Ltd. kuphela efinyelele amathani angu-1.6/ton.
4. Isilinganiso sokukhiqiza se-polyimide sincane kakhulu ukuthi singakha imboni, futhi ukusabela okuseceleni kwe-polyimide kuningi futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi.
5. Amabhizinisi amaningi asekhaya anokwaziswa okungokwesiko ngesidingo, okukhawulela indawo yesicelo ebangeni elithile.Bajwayele ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yangaphandle kuqala noma babone imikhiqizo yangaphandle ngaphambi kokuyibheka eChina.Izidingo zebhizinisi ngalinye zivela ezidingweni zamakhasimende aphansi ebhizinisi, impendulo yolwazi nolwazi;iziteshi zomthombo azisheleli, kunezixhumanisi eziningi eziphakathi nendawo, futhi inani lolwazi olulungile alikho esimweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-13-2023