I-Polyimide, i-all-rounder ezintweni ze-polymer, ivuse isithakazelo sezikhungo eziningi zocwaningo e-China, futhi amanye amabhizinisi nawo aseqalile ukukhiqiza - impahla yethu ye-polyimide.
I. Uhlolojikelele
Njengento ekhethekile yobunjiniyela, i-polyimide isetshenziswe kabanzi kwezokundiza, i-aerospace, i-microelectronics, i-nanometer, i-crystal liquid, i-membrane yokuhlukanisa, i-laser neminye imikhakha.Muva nje, amazwe afaka ohlwini ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwei-polyimidenjengenye yepulasitiki yobunjiniyela ethembisa kakhulu ekhulwini lama-21.I-Polyimide, ngenxa yezici zayo ezivelele ekusebenzeni nasekuhlanganiseni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isetshenziswa njengempahla yesakhiwo noma njengento esebenzayo, amathemba ayo amakhulu okusebenza aye aqashelwa ngokugcwele, futhi yaziwa ngokuthi “isazi sokuxazulula izinkinga” ( protion solver. ), futhi ukholelwa ukuthi "ngaphandle kwe-polyimide, bekungeke kube khona ubuchwepheshe be-microelectronics namuhla".
Okwesibili, ukusebenza kwe-polyimide
1. Ngokokuhlaziywa kwe-thermogravimetric ye-polyimide enephunga elimnandi, izinga lokushisa layo lokubola ngokuvamile liba ngu-500°C.I-Polyimide ehlanganiswe kusuka ku-biphenyl dianhydride kanye ne-p-phenylenediamine inezinga lokushisa elishisayo lokubola elingu-600°C futhi ingenye yama-polymer azinze kakhulu kuze kube manje.
2. I-Polyimide ingakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, njengakwi-helium ewuketshezi ku- -269°C, ngeke ibe brittle.
3. I-Polyimideinezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini.Amandla aqinile wamapulasitiki angagcwalisiwe angaphezulu kuka-100Mpa, ifilimu (Kapton) ye-homophenylene polyimide ingaphezu kuka-170Mpa, kanye nohlobo lwe-biphenyl polyimide (UpilexS) kufika ku-400Mpa.Njengepulasitiki yobunjiniyela, inani lefilimu elinwebekayo ngokuvamile liyi-3-4Gpa, futhi i-fiber ingafinyelela ku-200Gpa.Ngokwezibalo zethiyori, i-fiber ehlanganiswe yi-phthalic anhydride ne-p-phenylenediamine ingafinyelela ku-500Gpa, okwesibili kuphela ku-carbon fiber.
4. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-polyimide azincibiliki kuzincibilikisi zemvelo futhi azinzile ukuze zihlambulule ama-asidi.Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile azimelani ne-hydrolysis.Lokhu kubonakala kusilela kwenza i-polyimide ihluke kwamanye ama-polymers asebenza kahle kakhulu.Isici ukuthi i-dianhydride eluhlaza kanye ne-diamine ingatholwa nge-alkaline hydrolysis.Isibonelo, ngefilimu ye-Kapton, izinga lokutakula lingafinyelela ku-80% -90%.Ukushintsha isakhiwo nakho kungathola izinhlobo ezimelana ne-hydrolysis, njengokumelana no-120 ° C, amahora angama-500 wokubilisa.
5. I-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo ye-polyimide yi-2×10-5－3×10-5℃, i-Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide ingu-3×10-5℃, uhlobo lwe-biphenyl lungafinyelela ku-10-6℃, izinhlobo ngazinye zingafika ku-10- 7°C.
6. I-Polyimide inokumelana nemisebe ephezulu, futhi ifilimu yayo inezinga lokugcinwa kwamandla elingu-90% ngemva kwe-electron irradiation esheshayo engu-5×109rad.
7. I-Polyimideinezinto ezinhle ze-dielectric, ene-dielectric engaguquki engaba ngu-3.4.Ngokwethula i-fluorine noma ihlakaza ama-nanometers omoya ku-polyimide, i-dielectric constant ingancishiswa ibe cishe ku-2.5.Ukulahlekelwa kwe-Dielectric ngu-10-3, amandla e-dielectric ngu-100-300KV/mm, i-Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide ingu-300KV/mm, ukumelana nevolumu ngu-1017Ω/cm.Lezi zakhiwo zihlala zisezingeni eliphezulu phezu kwebanga elibanzi lokushisa kanye nebanga lemvamisa.
8. I-Polyimide iyi-polymer ezicishayo enezinga eliphansi lentuthu.
9. I-Polyimide inokukhipha umoya okuncane kakhulu ngaphansi kwe-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu.
10. I-Polyimide ayinabo ubuthi, ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza i-tableware nezinto zikagesi zezokwelapha, futhi ingamelana nezinkulungwane zokubulala amagciwane.Amanye ama-polyimides nawo anokufaneleka okuhle kwe-biocompatibility, isibonelo, awawona ama-hemolytic ekuhlolweni kokuhambisana kwegazi futhi awanabo ubuthi ekuhlolweni kwe-in vitro cytotoxicity.
3. Izindlela eziningi zokuhlanganisa:
Kunezinhlobo eziningi nezindlela ze-polyimide, futhi ziningi izindlela zokuyihlanganisa, ngakho-ke ingakhethwa ngokwezinjongo zohlelo lokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.Lolu hlobo lokuguquguquka ku-synthesis lunzima futhi ngamanye ama-polymer ukuba lube nalo.
1. I-Polyimideikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi kusuka kuma-anhydride e-dibasic nama-diamines.Lawa ma-monomers amabili ahlanganiswe namanye ama-polymer amaningi e-heterocyclic, njenge-polybenzimidazole, i-polybenzimidazole, i-polybenzothiazole, i-polyquinone Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-monomers afana ne-phenoline ne-polyquinoline, umthombo wezinto zokusetshenziswa ubanzi, futhi ukuhlanganisa kulula.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-dianhidrides nama-diamines, futhi ama-polyimides anezakhiwo ezahlukene angatholwa ngezinhlanganisela ezahlukene.
2. I-Polyimide ingenziwa i-polycondensed ekushiseni okuphansi nge-dianhydride kanye ne-diamine ku-solvent ye-polar, njenge-DMF, i-DMAC, i-NMP noma i-THE/methanol exube i-solvent, ukuze ithole i-polyamic acid encibilikayo, ngemva kokwakhiwa kwefilimu noma ukuphotha Ukushisa kufinyelele cishe ku-300°C ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye ne-cyclization ku-polyimide;I-acetic anhydride kanye ne-tertiary amine catalysts nayo ingangezwa ku-polyamic acid ukuze kukhishwe amakhemikhali amanzi kanye ne-cyclization ukuze kutholakale isisombululo se-polyimide kanye nempushana.I-Diamine ne-dianhydride nayo ingashiswa futhi ifakwe i-polycondensed endaweni yokubilisa ephezulu, njenge-solvent ye-phenolic, ukuthola i-polyimide ngesinyathelo esisodwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-polyimide ingabuye itholakale ekuphenduleni kwe-dibasic acid ester ne-diamine;ingabuye iguqulwe isuka ku-polyamic acid iye kwi-polisoimide kuqala, bese iba yi-polyimide.Lezi zindlela zonke ziletha lula ukucubungula.Owokuqala ubizwa ngokuthi indlela ye-PMR, engathola i-viscosity ephansi, isixazululo esiqinile esiphezulu, futhi inefasitela eline-viscosity encibilikayo ephansi ngesikhathi sokucubungula, efanelekile ikakhulukazi ekwenzeni izinto eziyinhlanganisela;ukwanda kokugcina Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncibilika, azikho izinhlanganisela zamangqamuzana aphansi ezikhishwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuguqulwa.
3. Uma nje ukuhlanzeka kwe-dianhydride (noma i-tetraacid) ne-diamine kufanelekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela ye-polycondensation esetshenziswayo, kulula ukuthola isisindo se-molecular ephakeme ngokwanele, futhi isisindo samangqamuzana singalungiswa kalula ngokungeza iyunithi ye-anhydride noma iyunithi amine.
4. I-Polycondensation ye-dianhydride (noma i-tetraacid) ne-diamine, inqobo nje uma isilinganiso se-molar sifinyelela isilinganiso esilinganayo, ukwelashwa kokushisa ku-vacuum kungandisa kakhulu isisindo samangqamuzana e-prepolymer eqinile ephansi ye-molecular weight, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukucutshungulwa kanye nokwakheka kwe-powder.Woza ngokufanele.
5. Kulula ukwethula amaqembu asebenzayo ekugcineni kweketango noma iketango ukuze enze ama-oligomers asebenzayo, ngaleyo ndlela athole i-thermosetting polyimide.
6. Sebenzisa iqembu le-carboxyl ku-polyimide ukwenza i-esterification noma ukwakhiwa kukasawoti, futhi wethule amaqembu e-photosensitive noma amaqembu ama-alkyl amaketanga amade ukuze uthole ama-amphiphilic polymers, angasetshenziswa ukuthola ama-photoresist noma asetshenziswe ekulungiseleleni amafilimu e-LB.
7. Inqubo evamile yokuhlanganiswa kwe-polyimide ayikhiqizi usawoti we-inorganic, okuzuzisa ngokukhethekile ukulungiswa kwezinto zokuvikela.
8. I-dianhydride ne-diamine njengama-monomers kulula ukuzithoba ngaphansi kwe-vacuum ephezulu, ngakho-ke kulula ukwakhai-polyimideifilimu ezintweni zokusebenza, ikakhulukazi amadivayisi anezindawo ezingalingani, ngokufakwa komhwamuko.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-06-2023